Short answers, pulled from the story.
Krasnodar Krai was founded on the 13th of September 1937 when Azov-Black Sea Krai split into Krasnodar Krai and Rostov Oblast. The region received its current name after Bolsheviks renamed Yekaterinodar to Krasnodar in 1920.
The population reached 5,838,273 according to the 2021 Census making it the third most populous federal subject in Russia. Russians comprised 87.72% of the total population while Armenians numbered 211,132 individuals.
Pontic Greeks founded the area's first cities during the 6th century BC such as Phanagoria near modern Sennoy. Hermonassa emerged on the Taman Peninsula as another early trading hub that traded with nomadic tribes including the Skuthai and Sindi.
In April 1783 right-bank Kuban and Taman Peninsula were annexed to the Russian Empire by decree of Catherine II after the liquidation of the Crimean Khanate. The Cossacks moved there from Zaporizhzhia between 1792 and 1794 forming the Black Sea Area troops.
Mount Tsakhvoa rises above 3,000 meters as the highest peak in the range. Mount Fisht stands at 2,854 meters and holds the distinction of being the Great Caucasus westernmost peak with a glacier.