Short answers, pulled from the story.
Karl Marx was a German philosopher, economist, journalist, and revolutionary socialist who lived from the 5th of May 1818 to the 14th of March 1883. He developed the theory of historical materialism, analysing class struggle under capitalism and predicting the system would be overthrown by the proletariat in favour of communism.
Karl Marx co-authored The Communist Manifesto with Friedrich Engels, first published on the 21st of February 1848. His major economic work was Das Kapital, whose first volume appeared in 1867, with Volumes II and III published by Engels after his death in 1893 and 1894. He also wrote The German Ideology, The Poverty of Philosophy, and the Critique of the Gotha Programme.
Karl Marx was born on the 5th of May 1818 at Brückengasse 664 in Trier, then part of the Kingdom of Prussia. He was the third of nine children and came from a family that had supplied Trier's rabbis since 1723.
Karl Marx met Friedrich Engels on the 28th of August 1844 at the Café de la Régence in Paris, beginning a lifelong friendship. Engels showed Marx his book The Condition of the Working Class in England in 1844, and in London Engels became Marx's main source of financial support during years of poverty.
Karl Marx was expelled from France, Belgium, and Germany over his revolutionary politics and journalism. He was ordered to leave Prussia on the 16th of May 1849, and moved to London in early June 1849, where he remained stateless for the rest of his life.
Karl Marx died of bronchitis and pleurisy in London on the 14th of March 1883 at age 64, after developing a catarrh following his wife Jenny's death in December 1881. He was buried in Highgate Cemetery on the 17th of March 1883 in an area reserved for agnostics and atheists, and was reburied nearby in November 1954.