Short answers, pulled from the story.
Karl Freiherr Mack von Leiberich was an Austrian field marshal born on the 25th of August 1752 in Nennslingen, in the Principality of Ansbach. He is best known as the commander who surrendered his entire army to Napoleon at the Battle of Ulm in October 1805, handing over 25,000 men, 18 generals, 65 guns, and 40 standards.
After Austerlitz, Mack was convicted of cowardice by a court-martial. He was stripped of his rank, his regiment, and the Order of Maria Theresa, and imprisoned for two years. Released in 1808, he lived in obscurity until 1819, when he was reinstated as Feldmarschall-leutnant at the request of Prince Schwarzenberg.
In early 1800, Napoleon reportedly described Mack as a man of the lowest mediocrity he had ever seen, full of self-sufficiency and conceit, with no talent. He called Mack a boaster and one of the most silly men existing, and added that Mack was unlucky.
Mack accepted command of the Neapolitan army in 1798 at the personal request of Emperor Francis II. The troops were of poor quality, the French revolutionary forces posed a serious threat, and Mack faced the genuine danger of being murdered by his own men, which prompted him to take refuge in the French camp.
Prince Schwarzenberg escaped the capitulation at Ulm in 1805 by leading a massed cavalry charge through the French lines. Years later, in 1819, it was Schwarzenberg who requested that Mack be reinstated in the Austrian army as Feldmarschall-leutnant and restored to the Order of Maria Theresa.
Mack makes a brief appearance as a character in book two of Volume I of Leo Tolstoy's War and Peace.