Short answers, pulled from the story.
Nawab Muhammad Mahabat Khan III announced on the 15th of August 1947 that Junagarh had acceded to Pakistan, on the advice of his dewan, Shah Nawaz Bhutto. This was despite the state's predominantly Hindu population and its lack of a shared border with Pakistan, and contrary to the recommendation of the nawab's own Constitutional Advisor, Nabi Baksh, who had indicated to Lord Mountbatten that Junagarh should join India.
A plebiscite was held in Junagadh in 1948, and an overwhelming majority of voters chose accession to India. The result formalized the integration of Junagadh into the Indian Union, and the state later became part of the state of Gujarat.
Muhammad Sher Khan Babai founded the Babi Pashtun dynasty in 1654. His descendant Mohammad Khan Bahadur Khanji I formally established the state of Junagarh in 1730 by declaring independence from the Mughal governor of Gujarat.
Yes. Pakistan's government has maintained its territorial claim on Junagadh, along with Manavadar and Sir Creek in Gujarat, and marks all three on its official political maps. On the 10th of December 2020, Sultan Ahmed Ali took oath as the Dewan of Junagadh State in a ceremony Pakistan recognizes as a continuation of the state's governance.
A man named Mansa Khant led a Koli rebellion against Mughal rule during the reign of Nawab Sher Khan, the first ruler of Junagarh. Khant used Uparkot Fort as his base and held it for thirteen months, conducting raids into surrounding areas. The rebellion was eventually crushed when Nawab Sher Khan joined forces with Thakur Sahib Haloji Jadeja of Gondal State and Arab commander Sheikh Abdullah Zubeidi.
Junagadh became a British protectorate in 1807, when Mohammad Hamid Khanji I brought the state under British suzerainty following the Second Anglo-Maratha War, and the East India Company took control. By 1818, Junagarh and the other princely states of Kathiawar were administered separately under the Kathiawar Agency.