Short answers, pulled from the story.
John Keats was an English poet of the second generation of Romantic poets, alongside Lord Byron and Percy Bysshe Shelley. He is famous for a small body of work centred on his odes, including "Ode to a Nightingale" and "Ode on a Grecian Urn," and for his letters, which T. S. Eliot called the most important ever written by an English poet.
John Keats died in Rome on the 23rd of February 1821 of tuberculosis, at the age of 25. He had suffered two lung haemorrhages in early February 1820 and was advised to move to a warmer climate, but his health continued to decline after he reached Rome.
John Keats requested a tombstone bearing no name and no date, only the words "Here lies One whose Name was writ in Water." His friends Joseph Severn and Charles Armitage Brown erected the stone in the Protestant Cemetery in Rome and added their own lines in protest at the critical reception of his work.
John Keats trained as a surgeon and apothecary and worked as a dresser at Guy's Hospital, receiving his apothecary's licence in 1816. Drawn by ambition and inspired by poets such as Leigh Hunt and Lord Byron, he told his guardian before the end of 1816 that he had resolved to be a poet, not a surgeon.
Fanny Brawne was John Keats's love, who in April 1819 moved into the other half of Wentworth Place where he lived. He gave her the sonnet "Bright Star" as a declaration, but their love remained unconsummated and his poverty precluded marriage. After his death she stayed in mourning for six years and later married in 1833.
John Keats was attacked by critics in Blackwood's Magazine and the Quarterly Review, who mocked him as part of "the Cockney School" of Leigh Hunt's circle, a dismissal that was as political as literary. Sales of his three volumes of poetry probably amounted to only 200 copies in his lifetime, and he died believing he had left no immortal work behind.
According to Charles Armitage Brown, John Keats wrote "Ode to a Nightingale" under a plum tree in the garden of Wentworth Place in the spring of 1819, after sitting for two or three hours listening to a nightingale that had nested near the house. He composed five of his six great odes there during his annus mirabilis.