Short answers, pulled from the story.
John Dowland's birthplace remains contested between London, Westminster, and Dalkey near Dublin. Evidence pointing to Dublin includes his dedication of From Silent Night to Mr. John Forster the younger, a merchant from that city whose family provided several Lord Mayors.
John Dowland died in London on the 20th of January 1626 after receiving his last court payment. He was buried at St Ann's, Blackfriars, London, on the 20th of February 1626.
John Dowland pioneered a melancholia rare in music at that time together with Johann Froberger. His work Semper Dowland semper Dolens translates to always Dowland, always doleful, which sums up much of his output.
John Dowland's First Booke of Songes or Ayres arrived in London in 1597 as a set of 21 lute-songs. Brian Robins noted that while many were composed long before publication, they revealed Dowland as a fully fledged master.
John Dowland declined further involvement in treasonous Catholic intrigue in Italy because he remained intensely loyal to the Queen despite her remark calling him an obstinate Papist. Plotters offered him a large sum from the Pope plus safe passage for his wife and children, but he begged pardon instead.