Who was John Chrysostom and why is he called golden-mouthed?
John Chrysostom was a Church Father who served as Archbishop of Constantinople and lived from around 347 to 407. The name Chrysostomos is Greek for "golden-mouthed," a title earned by his preaching and public speaking.
When and where did John Chrysostom die?
John Chrysostom died on the 14th of September 407 at Comana Pontica, in modern-day Gümenek, Tokat, Turkey. He died on the journey toward his place of exile at Pitiunt, in the community of clergy belonging to the church of Saint Basiliscus of Comana.
Why was John Chrysostom exiled from Constantinople?
John Chrysostom was banished after making enemies of wealthy citizens, the clergy, the empress Aelia Eudoxia, and Theophilus of Alexandria. His enemies convened the Synod of the Oak in 403, which deposed and banished him, partly using his connection to the teachings of Origen against him.
What did John Chrysostom write?
Some 600 sermons and 246 letters by John Chrysostom survive, along with a commentary on the Book of Acts. His exegetical homilies include sixty-seven on Genesis, fifty-nine on the Psalms, ninety on the Gospel of Matthew, eighty-eight on the Gospel of John, and fifty-five on Acts.
Why is John Chrysostom honored as a saint?
John Chrysostom came to be venerated as a saint soon after his death and is honored in the Catholic and Eastern churches. The Eastern Orthodox count him among the Three Holy Hierarchs with Basil of Caesarea and Gregory of Nazianzus, and in 1908 Pope Pius X named him the patron saint of preachers.
Where are the relics of John Chrysostom kept?
Most of John Chrysostom's relics were looted by crusaders in 1204 and taken to Rome, with some returned to the Orthodox Church in 2004 and now enshrined in the Church of St. George in Istanbul. His skull is claimed by the Vatopedi monastery on Mount Athos and by two sites in Italy, while his right hand is preserved at Philotheou Monastery on Mount Athos.