Short answers, pulled from the story.
Jawaharlal Nehru was an Indian anti-colonial nationalist, secular humanist and statesman who became the first prime minister of India upon independence in 1947. He served as prime minister for 16 years and was a principal leader of the Indian nationalist movement in the 1930s and 1940s.
Jawaharlal Nehru was born on the 14th of November 1889 in Allahabad in British India and died on the 27th of May 1964. The cause of death was believed to be a heart attack, and his death was announced in the Lok Sabha at 14:00 local time.
Jawaharlal Nehru wrote Letters from a Father to His Daughter in 1929, An Autobiography in 1936, and The Discovery of India in 1946. These books have been read around the world.
Jawaharlal Nehru pioneered the policy of non-alignment and co-founded the Non-Aligned Movement, steering India clear of the two blocs of the Cold War. He organised the Bandung Conference of April 1955, which brought together 29 newly independent nations from Asia and Africa.
India lost the Sino-Indian War of 1962 after Nehru adopted the Forward Policy of setting up military outposts in disputed border areas. The war exposed India's unpreparedness, as it could send only 14,000 troops against the much larger Chinese army, and Nehru was widely criticised for insufficient attention to defence.
Jawaharlal Nehru implemented import substitution industrialisation and advocated a mixed economy where a government-controlled public sector co-existed with the private sector. Industry grew 7.0% annually between 1950 and 1965, nearly trebling industrial output and making India the world's seventh-largest industrial country.