Short answers, pulled from the story.
Isaac was one of the three patriarchs of the Israelites, the son of Abraham and Sarah, the father of Jacob and Esau, and the grandfather of the twelve tribes of Israel. He first appears in the Torah and is an important figure in Judaism, Samaritanism, Christianity, Islam, the Baha'i Faith, and Rastafari.
The name Isaac means "he will laugh." It reflects the laughter of Abraham and Sarah when they were told they would have a child at their advanced ages.
The binding of Isaac, called the aqedah, is the episode in which Abraham took Isaac to Mount Moriah to sacrifice him at God's command as the last of ten trials of faith. After Abraham bound Isaac and drew his knife, an angel of God stopped him, and he sacrificed a nearby ram caught in thickets instead.
When Isaac was old and blind, Jacob followed his mother Rebekah's advice and posed as his brother Esau to obtain their father's blessing. This made Jacob Isaac's primary heir, after Esau had already sold his birthright to Jacob for bread and stew of lentils.
Isaac died at the age of 180, making him the longest-lived of the three patriarchs. He was buried in Hebron by his sons Jacob and Esau.
The Quran mentions Isaac seventeen times by name and describes him as a prophet, the father of the Israelites, and a righteous servant of God. He is often named alongside his father Abraham and his son Jacob, and Islam venerates him for continuing to preach monotheism.