Short answers, pulled from the story.
The Inuit are a group of culturally and historically similar Indigenous peoples who traditionally inhabit the Arctic and Subarctic regions of North America and Russia. Their territory includes Greenland, Labrador, Quebec, Nunavut, the Northwest Territories, Yukon, Alaska, and the Chukotsky District of Chukotka. Inuit means the people in the Inuktitut and Kalaallisut languages.
About 155,000 Inuit live across Canada, Greenland, Denmark, and the United States. In Canada, 70,540 people identified as Inuit in the most recent census, with the largest population in Nunavut. In Greenland, a 2024 estimate placed the Inuit population at about 88 per cent, or 50,878 people.
Many people who would historically have been called Eskimo find the term offensive or colonial, and it is considered pejorative by some Canadian and English-speaking Greenlandic Inuit. The word likely derives from an Innu-aimun term meaning a person who laces a snowshoe. In Canada and Greenland, Inuit is the preferred term.
The Inuit descend from the Thule people, who emerged from the Bering Strait and western Alaska around 1000 CE and spread eastward across the Arctic. As they spread they displaced the Dorset culture, called the Tuniit in Inuktitut, the last major Paleo-Eskimo culture. Inuit migrants reached west Greenland by 1100 CE.
The traditional Inuit diet was high in protein and very high in fat, with an average of 75 percent of daily energy intake coming from fat. Inuit hunted whales, seals, polar bears, muskoxen, caribou, birds, and fish, and gathered grasses, roots, berries, and edible seaweed. Anthropologist Vilhjalmur Stefansson found that vitamin C could come from raw meat such as ringed seal liver and whale skin called muktuk.
Nunavut was established as a territorial entity in 1999. The Nunavut Land Claims Agreement was signed on the 25th of May 1993 in Iqaluit by Prime Minister Brian Mulroney and Paul Quassa, and the Canadian Parliament passed the supporting legislation in June of that year. It was the largest land claim agreement in Canadian history.
Kakiniit, the face tattooing of Inuit women, dates back nearly 4,000 years and recorded aspects of a woman's life such as where she was from, who her family was, her achievements, and her position in the community. Christian missionaries forbade the practice in the 19th and 20th centuries, and it is now being revived through efforts such as the Inuit Tattoo Revitalization Project.