Short answers, pulled from the story.
The Indian independence movement began with early resistance in 1757 when Maveeran Alagumuthu Kone became a military leader in Ettayapuram. Another key figure emerged in 1764 when Maruthanayagam Pillai turned against the British army he once commanded.
Rumors about tallow from cows and lard from pigs being used in Pattern 1853 Enfield rifle cartridges triggered the mutiny because soldiers had to bite these cartridges before loading them into rifles. This event led to sepoys at Meerut breaking ranks on the 10th of May 1857 and reaching Delhi by the 11th of May to reclaim the throne for Bahadur Shah II.
Mahatma Gandhi returned to India on the 9th of January 1915 entering political fray not calling nation-state but supporting unified commerce-oriented territory Congress Party asked for. His ideas strategies non-violent civil disobedience initially appeared impractical some Indians Congress leaders yet he launched movements like Non-Cooperation Movement from 1920 to 1922 and Quit India Movement starting the 8th of August 1942.
The Jallianwala Bagh massacre occurred on the 13th of April 1919 in Amritsar Punjab when Brigadier-General Reginald Dyer blocked the main entrance and ordered troops to fire on an unarmed crowd. Total 1,651 rounds were fired killing 379 people according to official British commission while Indian officials estimates ranged high 1,499 wounding 1,137.
At Lahore session December 1929 Indian National Congress adopted aim complete self-rule authorized Working Committee launch civil disobedience movement throughout country decided the 26th of January 1930 observed all over India Purna Swaraj complete self-rule Day. Gandhi-Irwin Pact signed March 1931 government agreed release political prisoners Mahatma Gandhi managed have over 90,000 political prisoners released under pact appeal terminate death sentences Bhagat Singh Sukhdev Thapar Shivaram Rajguru accepted British.