Short answers, pulled from the story.
Scholars argue over whether these bronze horses emerged from the 2nd or 3rd century AD. Many point to similarities with the Equestrian Statue of Marcus Aurelius in Rome, dated around 175 AD.
Scientific analysis reveals the sculptures contain at least 96.67% copper. Researchers classify the material not as true bronze but as impure copper due to low tin content.
The horses stood for centuries within the Hippodrome of Constantinople before their removal. They remained part of the quadriga monument displayed publicly in the capital until the Fourth Crusade.
Napoleon ordered the horses removed from the basilica in 1797. He transported them to Paris for display within French triumphal monuments.
Air pollution damaged the original sculptures by the early 1980s. Authorities decided to move them indoors for preservation instead of leaving them exposed.