Short answers, pulled from the story.
The name Hong Kong, first recorded as He-Ong-Kong in 1780, originally referred to a small inlet between Aberdeen Island and the southern coast of Hong Kong Island. This name generally translates to fragrant harbour, though the source of the fragrance remains a subject of historical debate.
The Qin dynasty incorporated the Hong Kong area into China for the first time in 214 BCE after conquering the indigenous Baiyue. The territory was later recaptured by China after the Han conquest and consolidated under the Nanyue kingdom.
Hong Kong Island was formally ceded to the United Kingdom in the 1842 Treaty of Nanking after the First Opium War. British forces began controlling Hong Kong shortly after the signing of the Convention of Chuenpi on the 26th of January 1841.
The handover of Hong Kong to China occurred at midnight on the 1st of July 1997 after 156 years of British rule. This event followed the 1984 Sino-British Joint Declaration which guaranteed Hong Kong's economic and political systems for 50 years.
Hong Kong is the world's 38th-largest economy with a nominal GDP of approximately US$407 billion. It is highly developed and ranks fourth on the UN Human Development Index.
Hong Kong has hosted the 2008 Summer Olympics equestrian events, the 2009 East Asian Games, and the Rugby World Cup Sevens in 1997 and 2005. The territory also hosts the Hong Kong Sevens, Hong Kong Marathon, and the 2025 World Grand Prix snooker tournament.