Short answers, pulled from the story.
England has been inhabited for more than 800,000 years, as indicated by stone tools and footprints found at Happisburgh in Norfolk. Continuous human habitation dates to around 13,000 years ago, after the Last Glacial Period ended.
The Roman conquest of Britain began in AD 43 under Emperor Claudius, with four legions landing in Kent. Roman rule lasted approximately 350 years, until the early 5th century.
Boudicca was a warrior-queen who led a tribal rebellion against Roman rule in AD 60. Her forces burned Camulodunum, Londinium, and Verulamium and were said to have killed 70,000 Romans and Roman sympathisers before being decisively defeated by the governor Suetonius Paulinus.
William of Normandy invaded England on the 28th of September 1066 and defeated King Harold Godwinson at the Battle of Hastings on the 14th of October 1066. William was crowned King of England on Christmas Day 1066.
Magna Carta was a charter that imposed legal limits on the king's personal powers. King John sealed it at Runnymede, near London, on the 15th of June 1215, after a rebellion by his most important barons.
The Wars of the Roses began in 1455 and ended in 1485. Henry Tudor, the last Lancastrian male, won by defeating and killing Richard III at Bosworth Field on the 22nd of August 1485, and was crowned Henry VII.