Short answers, pulled from the story.
The oldest human footprints ever discovered outside Africa were found in the mud of Happisburgh, Norfolk, dating back more than 800,000 years. These impressions were preserved in ancient riverbed sediments and reveal that early hominids walked across what is now England long before the rest of the British Isles were habitable.
Emperor Claudius launched a serious and sustained invasion of Britain in AD 43 with four legions. The Roman force landed in Kent and defeated the armies of the Catuvellauni tribe led by Caratacus and Togodumnus before marching on the capital at Camulodunum.
William of Normandy invaded England on the 28th of September 1066 in a campaign called the Norman Conquest. He defeated the English army at the Battle of Hastings on the 14th of October 1066 and was crowned king on Christmas Day 1066.
King John met with rebel leaders at Runnymede near London on the 15th of June 1215 to seal the Great Charter known as Magna Carta. This document imposed legal limits on the king's personal powers and was a response to barons rebelling against his rule.
The Black Death arrived in England in 1348 and killed as much as a third to half the population. This epidemic of bubonic plague spread all over Europe and caused massive demographic loss during the reign of Edward III.
The Tudor period began with the reign of Henry VII in 1485 after he defeated and killed Richard III at Bosworth Field on the 22nd of August 1485. This battle is traditionally considered to mark the end of the Middle Ages in England and the start of the House of Tudor.