Short answers, pulled from the story.
Paleo-Indians migrated across the Bering land bridge from Siberia and entered the continent roughly 16,000 years ago. Archaeological evidence from the Bluefish Caves in Yukon and the Old Crow Flats supports this timeline of early human presence.
The Italian explorer John Cabot became the first European known to land in Canada after the Viking Age on the 24th of June 1497. He sailed under letters patent from King Henry VII of England and sighted land at a northern location traditionally identified as Cape Bonavista.
Permanent settlement finally took root in 1608 when Samuel de Champlain founded Quebec City. He took personal administration over the city and explored the interior by canoe, reaching Lake Nipissing and Georgian Bay by 1615.
The Expulsion of the Acadians in 1755 resulted in approximately 12,000 Acadians being shipped to destinations throughout Britain's North America, France, and the French Caribbean colony of Saint-Domingue. Many settled in southern Louisiana to create the Cajun culture, while others returned to Nova Scotia to be far outnumbered by New England Planters.
The formation of the Dominion of Canada occurred on the 1st of July 1867. This event united the Province of Canada with New Brunswick and Nova Scotia to form a self-governing entity named Canada.
Canada's involvement in the Second World War began on the 10th of September 1939, one week after Britain acted to symbolically demonstrate independence. Of a population of approximately 11.5 million, 1.1 million Canadians served in the armed forces, with more than 42,000 killed and another 55,000 wounded.