Short answers, pulled from the story.
Historic Royal Palaces is an independent charity that manages six of the United Kingdom's most famous royal sites without receiving money from the monarchy or the government. The organization operates entirely on self-generated income to maintain these properties while holding a Royal Charter guaranteeing its existence.
Historic Royal Palaces manages six sites including the Tower of London, Hampton Court Palace, Kensington Palace, the Banqueting House, Kew Palace, and Hillsborough Castle. These properties are owned by the King in right of the Crown or by the government but are maintained by the charity.
Historic Royal Palaces generates over £134 million annually to keep its doors open without a single penny of state funding. In the year to the 31st of March 2024, the total income was £134.4 million with more than half coming from ticket admissions to the various sites.
Cardinal Wolsey began construction of Hampton Court Palace in 1514 creating a masterpiece of Tudor architecture. The palace was later expanded by Henry VIII after Wolsey's fall from power in 1530 and underwent a massive transformation in the Baroque style during the reign of William III.
The Banqueting House at Whitehall is the only large surviving component of the Palace of Whitehall and serves as the site of the execution of Charles I. It features the opulent ceiling painting by Rubens commissioned by Charles I and stands as a grand example of Palladian architecture in the heart of London.