Short answers, pulled from the story.
Heinrich Schliemann was a German businessman and influential archaeologist who lived from the 6th of January 1822 to the 26th of December 1890. He is known for excavating Hisarlık, now presumed to be the site of Troy, along with the Mycenaean sites of Mycenae and Tiryns, and for advocating the historicity of places mentioned in Homer.
Schliemann dug at Hisarlık beginning in 1870, but it was English amateur archaeologist Frank Calvert who identified Hisarlık as Troy and suggested Schliemann dig there. By 1873 Schliemann had uncovered nine buried cities at the site.
Priam's Treasure was a hoard of gold Schliemann discovered at Hissarlik on the 15th of June 1873 and took to be the treasure of King Priam. It was found in the Troy II level of the Early Bronze Age, dated to roughly 3,000 to 2,000 BCE, too early to belong to the Troy of Homer's Trojan War.
The Trojan gold is held at the Pushkin Museum in Moscow. It was housed in Berlin from 1881, hidden in the Zoo Tower during the Battle of Berlin, flown to Moscow on the 30th of June 1945, and acknowledged by the museum in 1994.
Schliemann could converse in twelve languages besides his native German: English, French, Dutch, Spanish, Portuguese, Italian, Russian, Swedish, Polish, Greek, Latin, and Arabic. He claimed his self-taught system let him learn a new language in six weeks.
Later archaeologists condemned Schliemann for destroying the main layers of the real Troy, describing his methods as savage and brutal with no mapping of finds and few descriptions of discoveries. D.F. Easton wrote in 1998 that he was not very good at separating fact from interpretation.
Schliemann died on the 26th of December 1890 in a Naples hotel room, the day after collapsing into a coma on Christmas Day. The cause of death was a cholesteatoma, following a chronic ear infection that worsened after an operation in Halle.