Short answers, pulled from the story.
Hector was a Trojan prince and the greatest warrior defending Troy during the Trojan War. He was the first-born son of King Priam and Queen Hecuba, husband of Andromache, and father of a son known to the Trojans as Astyanax. He is the central Trojan figure in Homer's Iliad.
Hector was killed by the Greek hero Achilles in single combat outside the walls of Troy. Achilles struck him at the collar bone, the only gap in the stolen armor of Achilles that Hector was wearing. After his death, Achilles dragged the body behind his chariot around the city.
The name Héktōr derives from the Greek verb ékhein, meaning "to have" or "to hold." It can be interpreted as "holder" or "possessor," possibly reflecting his royal status, or as "holding fast," reflecting his role in the defense of Troy. The name also appears as an epithet of Zeus meaning "he who holds everything together."
Priam personally crossed enemy lines, guided by Hermes, to bring Achilles a ransom that included twelve fine robes, twelve white mantles, embroidered tunics, ten bars of yellow gold, a beautiful cup, and several cauldrons. Achilles returned the body and promised a truce of twelve days for funeral rites.
Scholars such as Richmond Lattimore point to Hector's strong emotional bonds with his family and his sense of duty as forces that make him a tragic rather than merely heroic figure. Lattimore and Steven Farron describe him as a naturally unwarlike man driven to fight by circumstance, unable to live up to the expectations his society placed on him. James M. Redfield argues that Hector is defeated not by a character flaw but by his aidos, his dread of shame before his community.
After killing Hector, Achilles threaded Ajax's girdle through slits cut in Hector's heels and dragged the body behind his chariot to the Greek camp. For twelve days he mistreated the corpse, but Apollo and Aphrodite protected it from decomposition and disfigurement. After twelve days, Priam ransomed the body and it was given full funeral honors in Troy.