Short answers, pulled from the story.
The Hanthawaddy kingdom was founded in 1287 by King Wareru, following the collapse of the Pagan kingdom. Wareru established it as Ramaññadesa, initially as a nominal vassal state of both the Sukhothai kingdom and the Mongol Yuan dynasty.
The Forty Years' War (1385-1424) was a prolonged conflict between Hanthawaddy and the northern Burmese-speaking Ava kingdom. The war ended in a stalemate, but it was effectively a victory for Hanthawaddy because Ava gave up its ambition to restore the Pagan Empire.
Hanthawaddy's golden age, which ran from the 1420s to the 1530s, was shaped by four especially gifted monarchs: Binnya Ran I, Shin Sawbu, Dhammazedi, and Binnya Ran II. Under them the kingdom prospered through Indian Ocean trade and became a major centre of Theravada Buddhism.
Hanthawaddy fell to the Taungoo dynasty under King Tabinshwehti and his deputy general Bayinnaung. Taungoo forces captured Bago and the Irrawaddy Delta in 1538-39 and Mottama in 1541, ending the kingdom's rule over lower Burma.
Yes. In 1740 the Mon people of lower Burma rose up against a weakening Taungoo Dynasty and founded a restored Hanthawaddy kingdom. A brief earlier revival had also occurred in 1550 after Tabinshwehti was assassinated, but Bayinnaung crushed that rebellion by March 1552.
Hanthawaddy became a famous centre of Theravada Buddhism during its golden age. The kingdom established strong ties with Sri Lanka and encouraged religious reforms that spread throughout the region.