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Questions about Haitian hip-hop

Short answers, pulled from the story.

Who founded Haitian hip-hop and when did it start?

Master Dji, whose full name is George Lys Herard, founded Haitian hip-hop in the early 1980s. He witnessed how American hip-hop gave birth to French hip-hop while living in France, then returned to Haiti to start the Rap Kreyol movement.

What language is Haitian hip-hop performed in?

Haitian hip-hop, known as Rap Kreyol, is performed in Haitian Creole rather than French. The choice to rap in Creole was a political statement, since French was associated with the Haitian elite while Creole was the language of the working class.

What role did the 2010 Haiti earthquake play in Haitian hip-hop?

The 2010 earthquake, which affected an estimated 3 million people and resulted in an estimated death toll of 220,000 to 316,000, shifted the genre's focus toward trauma, state failure, and community rebuilding. It also caused a massive expansion of the underground hip-hop movement in the most heavily affected communities.

What were the first Haitian hip-hop songs released?

Master Dji released "Vakans" and "Sispann" in the late 1980s, sparking the Rap Kreyol movement. These songs arrived during the final years of the Duvalier family dictatorship and established hip-hop in Haiti as a medium for political expression.

How did Haitian hip-hop connect artists in the United States and Haiti?

A metaphorical network formed between Haiti and the United States as the movement spread to Haitian-American youth. American artists including KRS-One, Joey Bada$$, Talib Kweli, and Chuck D of Public Enemy collaborated on projects addressing Haitian history and the Haitian Revolution, treating it as a symbol of resistance against white supremacy.

What is Legendarie and who made it?

Legendarie is a rap record featuring Imposs, whose full name is Stanley Rimsky Salgado, alongside Loud, White-B, Tizzo, and Rymz. It was produced by Banx and Ranx at Joy Ride Records, and its lyrics reflect Imposs's experience as a first-generation Haitian Canadian.