Short answers, pulled from the story.
Habsburg rule began in 1482 after Mary of Burgundy died and left her possessions to Philip the Handsome. The period ended in 1797 when Austria relinquished all claims through the Treaty of Campo Formio.
Philip the Handsome became the first Habsburg ruler in 1482 following his mother Mary of Burgundy's death. His inheritance included Flanders, Artois, Mechelen, Namur, Holland, Zeeland, Hainaut, Brabant, Limburg, and Luxembourg.
The Burgundian treaty reorganized territories into the Seventeen Provinces in 1548. This unification was followed by the Pragmatic Sanction of 1549 which established the provinces as an entity held by a single prince.
Northern provinces declared independence through the Act of Abjuration in 1581 forming the Seven United Provinces. This secession left the southern provinces under Spanish Habsburg control until 1700.
Austrian Habsburg rule began after the War of the Spanish Succession ended in 1714. Southern provinces came under Emperor Leopold I's son Charles who became known as the Austrian Netherlands.