Short answers, pulled from the story.
Guru Arjan entered the world on the 15th of April 1563 in Goindval, Punjab. Historical records offer two possible years for his arrival: 1553 or 1563, but scholars generally accept 1563 as the correct date.
His father later became known as Guru Ram Das and his mother was the daughter of Guru Amar Das. This lineage placed him at the center of Sikh leadership from birth.
The year 1604 marked a pivotal moment when Guru Arjan completed the Adi Granth. He installed this scripture inside Harimandir Sahib on the 1st of September 1604.
Emperor Jahangir ordered Guru Arjan's arrest in 1606 CE due to accusations of supporting rebellion involving Khusrau Mirza who was suspected of attempting patricidal coup against his father. Some accounts suggest Arjan blessed Khusrau which angered the Mughal court while other versions blame Hindu minister Chandu Shah who sought revenge over marriage disputes involving his daughter.
The finished text contained over 2,218 hymns composed by Arjan himself with more than half of the final volume consisting of his work. His language favored Sanskritic and Hindi vocabulary.