Short answers, pulled from the story.
Guangdong was officially established as a province in 226 CE under the Wu Kingdom of the Three Kingdoms period. The name derives from Guang Prefecture, which was created by an imperial decree from Emperor Wu of Han to widely bestow favors and sow trust.
Guangdong housed 127.06 million people as of 2023, making it the most populous province in China. The province officially became the most populous province in 2005 due to a massive influx of migrants and temporary workers.
Guangdong hosts three of the six Special Economic Zones in China: Shenzhen, Shantou, and Zhuhai. These zones were established to support the province's rapid economic growth following the Reform and Opening Up period.
Sun Yat-sen is the generally acknowledged founder of modern China and he was from Guangdong. He was born in the province and his legacy is honored at the Zhongshan Sun Wen Memorial Park in Zhongshan.
In 2022, Guangdong's GDP was 13.57 trillion RMB with a per capita GDP of 100,000 RMB. The economy ranked between Turkey and Italy in PPP terms, making it the 11th largest economy in the world if it were a country.