Short answers, pulled from the story.
The Great Exhibition took place in Hyde Park, London, from the 1st of May to the 15th of October, 1851. It was held inside a vast glass and cast iron structure designed by Joseph Paxton, popularly known as the Crystal Palace.
The Great Exhibition was organised by Prince Albert, Henry Cole, Francis Henry, George Wallis, Wentworth Dilke, and other members of the Royal Society for the Encouragement of Arts, Manufactures and Commerce. The government formed the Royal Commission for the Exhibition of 1851 to oversee its viability.
Six million people visited the Great Exhibition, equivalent to a third of Britain's entire population at the time. Average daily attendance was 42,831, and the single-day peak of 109,915 was recorded on the 7th of October.
The exhibition generated a surplus of £186,000. That money was used to found the Victoria and Albert Museum, the Science Museum, and the Natural History Museum, all built in the area south of the exhibition site known as Albertopolis. A further portion established an educational trust that still provides grants and scholarships for industrial research.
The Crystal Palace was the temporary building designed by Joseph Paxton to house the Great Exhibition. It measured 1,848 feet long by 454 feet wide and was constructed from cast iron frames and glass produced mainly in Birmingham and Smethwick. After the exhibition closed, it was moved and re-erected in enlarged form at Sydenham Hill in south London in 1854, where it stood until it was destroyed by fire on the 30th of November, 1936.
Notable exhibits included the Koh-i-Noor diamond, then the world's largest known diamond; the early 8th-century Tara Brooch, discovered only in 1850; a precursor to the fax machine demonstrated by Frederick Bakewell; and the world's first modern public flush toilets, installed by George Jennings. Samuel Colt demonstrated his prototype 1851 Colt Navy revolver, and Mathew Brady was awarded a medal for his daguerreotypes.