Short answers, pulled from the story.
Moore's law is the observation that the number of transistors in an integrated circuit doubles approximately every two years. Gordon Moore first described the trend in an article published on the 19th of April, 1965, originally estimating a doubling every year before revising it to every two years in 1975. The phrase "Moore's law" was popularized by Carver Mead, not by Moore himself.
Gordon Moore and Robert Noyce founded NM Electronics in July 1968; the company later became Intel Corporation. Moore served as executive vice president, then president, then chairman and CEO from April 1979 to April 1987, and was named chairman emeritus in 1997.
In 2001, Moore and his wife donated $600 million to the California Institute of Technology, which was the largest gift ever made to an institution of higher education at that time. Moore said he wanted the donation used to keep Caltech at the forefront of research and technology.
Moore and his wife established the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation in 2000 with a gift worth about $5 billion. The foundation has focused on environmental conservation, science, and the San Francisco Bay Area, including major projects across the Andes-Amazon Basin in Brazil, Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, Venezuela, and Suriname.
Moore received the National Medal of Technology and Innovation from President George H. W. Bush in 1990 and the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the United States' highest civilian honor, from President George W. Bush in 2002.
Gordon Moore died on the 24th of March, 2023, at his home in Waimea, Hawaii, aged 94. Intel CEO Pat Gelsinger remembered him as someone who "defined the technology industry through his insight and vision."