Short answers, pulled from the story.
The term golden age originated with the ancient Greek poet Hesiod, who used it in Works and Days to describe a "Golden Race" of humans created directly by the Olympian gods. They lived long lives in peace, were free from sickness and age, and died peacefully in their sleep.
Ovid refined Hesiod's fivefold division into four metal ages: golden, silver, bronze, and iron, dropping the Age of Heroes. He described the Golden Age as a period defined by justice and peace, before humans learned navigation or agriculture.
The Chinese Golden Age refers to the Tang and Song Dynasties from 618 to 1279. During the Song Dynasty, China became the first nation in history to issue standardized paper money.
The Second Golden Age of Television ran from 1999 to 2023, beginning with shows like The Sopranos, The Wire, Breaking Bad, and Mad Men. It ended with the 2023 Hollywood labor disputes and the streaming wars.
The Golden Age of Pornography began with the 1969 film Blue Movie, directed by Andy Warhol, and the 1970 film Mona, produced by Bill Osco. These were the first adult erotic films depicting explicit sex to receive wide theatrical release in the United States.
The Golden Age Passport is a National Park Service pass for United States citizens who are 62 or older. It reflects a use of the term golden age as a marketing descriptor for senior citizens.