Short answers, pulled from the story.
Hesiod wrote his Works and Days in the 8th century before Christ to describe a time when humans lived as the Golden Race. These people were created directly by Olympian gods and enjoyed long lives without sickness or age.
Plato argued that the Golden Race was not made from actual gold and suggested the term should be understood metaphorically. He proposed this interpretation centuries before historians adopted the phrase for real eras.
Ancient Egypt, Athens under Pericles, Rome during the Five Good Emperors era, India under the Gupta Empire, and China with its Han, Tang, Song, Ming, and Qing dynasties all experienced golden ages. The Maurya Empire generated close to one-third of global GDP at its zenith while the Mughal Empire held one-quarter of the global economy.
The Second Golden Age of Television ran from 1999 until streaming wars ended it in 2023. This period featured shows like The Sopranos, The Wire, Breaking Bad, and Mad Men which started the era.
Cricket flourished between 1890 and 1914 while baseball enjoyed popularity from 1920 to 1960. NASCAR operated successfully from 1972 to 2003 and Rallying reached peak popularity from 1983 to 1986.