Short answers, pulled from the story.
Archaeological finds in the Swabian Jura include 42,000-year-old bone flutes, the oldest musical instruments ever discovered, along with the 40,000-year-old Lion Man figurine and the 41,000-year-old Venus of Hohle Fels. The Neanderthal fossil, the first non-modern human fossil ever identified, was found in the Neander Valley.
Unification was driven by Prussia's chancellor Otto von Bismarck after his appointment in 1862. Prussia defeated Austria in 1866 and France in the Franco-Prussian War, after which the German princes proclaimed the German Empire in 1871 with Prussia as the dominant state and Berlin as its capital.
The Great Depression pushed unemployment to 24 percent by 1932. The Nazi Party became the largest party in the Reichstag after the July 1932 elections, and President Hindenburg appointed Hitler chancellor on the 30th of January 1933. The Enabling Act of the 23rd of March 1933 gave Hitler unrestricted legislative power, bypassing the constitution.
Germany reunified on the 3rd of October 1990. The trigger was Hungary's decision in 1989 to open its border with Austria, allowing thousands of East Germans to emigrate westward. Growing protests inside East Germany and loosened border restrictions accelerated reform, culminating in the Two Plus Four Treaty that restored German sovereignty.
Germany is the largest economy in Europe by nominal GDP and the world's third-largest exporter. A defining feature is the Mittelstand, specialised small and medium enterprises that represent around 48 percent of global market leaders in their segments. Germany also has the largest manufacturing output in Europe and the second-largest trade surplus in the world after China.
Germany has a long film history rooted in the Babelsberg Studio in Potsdam, opened in 1912 as the world's first large-scale film studio. Fritz Lang's Metropolis (1927) is considered the first major science-fiction film. German productions have won the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film three times: in 1979, 2002, and 2007. The Berlin International Film Festival has run annually since 1951.