Short answers, pulled from the story.
The German Empire was proclaimed on the 18th of January 1871 inside the Hall of Mirrors at the Palace of Versailles. This ceremony occurred in France rather than Berlin to humiliate the defeated enemy and assert Prussian dominance.
Otto von Bismarck served as the first and longest-tenured chancellor of the German Empire from 1871 to 1890. He engineered domestic and foreign policies that defined the nation for nearly two decades before his dismissal.
The population of the German Empire stood at 41 million people in 1871 and nearly doubled to 68 million by 1913. This transformation marked a shift from a collection of rural principalities to a predominantly urban society.
The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was signed in March 1918 to end the war on the Eastern Front. This agreement gave Germany and the Ottoman Empire enormous territorial and economic concessions in exchange for an end to hostilities.
The German Empire collapsed in the November 1918 Revolution following the abdication of Kaiser Wilhelm II. The Social Democrat Philipp Scheidemann proclaimed a republic on the 9th of November 1918, leading to an armistice on the 11th of November.
The Treaty of Versailles limited the German army to 100,000 men and disallowed conscription, armored vehicles, submarines, aircraft, and more than six battleships. This treaty imposed post-war reparation costs of 132 billion gold marks on the new Weimar Republic.