Short answers, pulled from the story.
Bismarck was a German battleship built for the Kriegsmarine and launched on the 14th of February 1939 at the Blohm and Voss shipyard in Hamburg. She was commissioned into the German fleet on the 24th of August 1940 and was the largest battleship ever built by Germany.
During the Battle of the Denmark Strait on the 24th of May 1941, at least one 38 cm armour-piercing shell from Bismarck penetrated Hood's thin deck armour and detonated 112 tonnes of cordite propellant in the rear ammunition magazine. The explosion broke Hood's back and the ship sank in about eight minutes. Only three of her crew of 1,419 survived.
A torpedo from one of Ark Royal's Fairey Swordfish torpedo bombers struck Bismarck in the stern on the port side during the evening of the 26th of May 1941, jamming the port rudder in a 12-degree turn and leaving the ship unmanoeuvrable. Bismarck was unable to steer a course toward France and was intercepted by British battleships the following morning.
Out of a crew of more than 2,200 men, only 114 survived. Dorsetshire rescued 85 and the destroyer Maori rescued 25 before the rescue was halted after a suspected U-boat sighting on the 27th of May 1941. U-74 rescued three more that evening and a German trawler recovered two more the following day.
The wreck of Bismarck was discovered on the 8th of June 1989 by oceanographer Robert Ballard, who had also located the Titanic. The wreck lies at a depth of approximately 4,791 metres, about 650 kilometres west of Brest, resting on the slope of an extinct underwater volcano after triggering a landslide of approximately 2 kilometres.
Experts generally agree that both contributed. Fregattenkapitän Hans Oels ordered scuttling charges detonated around 10:20 on the 27th of May 1941, and the crew opened watertight doors to flood the ship. However, multiple expeditions, including James Cameron's 2002 Expedition: Bismarck, concluded that Bismarck would have sunk from uncontrolled flooding due to battle damage regardless, though scuttling accelerated the process.