Short answers, pulled from the story.
Philadelphia rapper Schoolly D created the first gangsta rap song in 1985. His track P.S.K. What Does It Mean? introduced a new vocabulary to hip-hop that spoke directly of street life without the sugarcoating of party anthems.
Ice-T's 1986 single 6 in the Mornin' is often cited as the second gangsta rap song and was the first to explicitly detail the daily realities of police harassment and street violence. The lyrics focused on survival and resonated with millions of listeners who felt unheard by mainstream media.
N.W.A's 1989 album Straight Outta Compton established West Coast hip-hop as a vital genre and positioned Los Angeles as a legitimate rival to New York City. The album's impact was immediate and controversial, with the song Fuck tha Police earning a letter from FBI Assistant Director Milt Ahlerich expressing law enforcement's resentment of the track.
Dr. Dre's 1992 album The Chronic established the dominance of West Coast gangsta rap and introduced the subgenre of G-funk. The label, owned by Dr. Dre and Marion Suge Knight, showcased promising new rappers including Snoop Doggy Dogg and 2Pac before its unraveling in 1996.
The East Coast counterattack emerged in 1994 with the release of Nas's Illmatic and the Notorious B.I.G.'s Ready to Die to take back dominance from the West Coast. This rivalry between Death Row Records and Bad Boy Records became one of the most infamous feuds in music history, resulting in the deaths of 2Pac and the Notorious B.I.G.
The Supreme Court ruled in Elonis v. United States that mens rea, the intent to commit a crime, is necessary to convict someone of a crime for using threatening words in a rap song. This ruling addressed questions of whether gangsta rap lyrics are protected speech under the First Amendment to the United States Constitution.