Short answers, pulled from the story.
Galloway Township covers 114.49 square miles of total land and water, more than any other municipality in New Jersey. Its size reflects its origins as a vast 1774 Royal Patent, though successive incorporations over the 19th century carved off multiple communities including Brigantine, Absecon, and Port Republic.
Galloway Township was created by Royal Patent of King George III on the 4th of April 1774. It was formally incorporated by the New Jersey Legislature on the 21st of February 1798, as one of the state's initial group of 104 townships under the Township Act of 1798.
Joseph Galloway was a Loyalist delegate to the First Continental Congress in 1774 who opposed the independence of the Thirteen Colonies. One theory holds that the township was named for him, while a competing theory traces the name to the Galloway region of southern Scotland. Historians have not settled on either origin.
The 2020 United States census recorded a population of 37,813 in Galloway Township, the highest decennial count in the township's history. That figure was up from 37,349 in 2010 and 31,209 in 2000.
Galloway Township is associated with Olympic gold medalist Larry James (1947-2008), Atlantic City political boss Enoch "Nucky" Johnson (1883-1968), neurosurgeon and former NFL player Myron Rolle (born 1986), and music producer Rodney Jerkins (born 1977). Singer-songwriter Nessa Barrett (born 2002) also has ties to the township.
Yes, Galloway Township is one of 56 South Jersey municipalities included within the New Jersey Pinelands National Reserve. Congress established the reserve in 1978 as the nation's first National Reserve; it covers more than a million acres and has been classified as a United States Biosphere Reserve.