Short answers, pulled from the story.
The FIFA Congress is the supreme legislative body of FIFA, the international governing body of association football, futsal, and beach soccer. It votes on the host countries for the FIFA World Cup and FIFA Women's World Cup, elects the FIFA President, and acts as the ultimate decision-making authority for the organisation. Each of the 211 FIFA member associations holds exactly one vote.
The FIFA Congress has met annually since 1998; before that, it was held every two years. An extraordinary congress can be convened at any time by the FIFA Council with the support of one-fifth of FIFA's members. Ten extraordinary congresses have been held in total.
The first FIFA Congress was held in Paris in 1904, with five member associations attending. Robert Guérin was elected as the first president of FIFA at that congress.
The gaps correspond to the First World War (1915-1922) and the Second World War (1939-1945), during which international gatherings were not possible. The congress resumed in Geneva in 1923 after the first gap, and in Luxembourg in 1946 after the second.
FIFA has 211 member associations. Each member association has exactly one vote in the FIFA Congress, regardless of the size or strength of its national football program.
Gianni Infantino was elected FIFA president on the 26th of February 2016 at an Extraordinary Congress held in Zürich. The election was called after Sepp Blatter, who had won a fifth term at the 65th Congress in 2015, was suspended. Acting FIFA President Issa Hayatou presided over the organisation until Infantino took office.