Short answers, pulled from the story.
The Fédération Internationale de Football Association began its life on the 21st of May 1904 in Paris. Eight national associations gathered at Rue Saint Honoré 229 to establish a single governing body for international competition.
Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, and Switzerland were the founding members of FIFA. Robert Guérin became the first president of this new organization.
Zürich serves as the headquarters for FIFA today. The supreme decision-making body is the FIFA Congress which includes representatives from every affiliated member association.
Swiss authorities arrested several high-ranking officials on the 27th of May 2015 including nine FIFA officials and five corporate executives facing charges such as racketeering and money laundering. Investigations linked leadership to bribery regarding the awarding of the 2018 World Cup to Russia and the 2022 World Cup to Qatar.
This stance finally changed on the 3rd of March 2018 when IFAB wrote video assistant referees into the Laws of the Game permanently. Video replay now exists for matches and subsequent sanctions though optional for competitions.