Short answers, pulled from the story.
The federal government of the United States was formally established on the 4th of March, 1789, when the Constitution was ratified in Philadelphia. Its origins trace back further to the Continental Army's formation and the Declaration of Independence signed by 56 delegates in July 1776.
The U.S. House of Representatives has 435 voting members, each representing a congressional district and serving a two-year term. There are also six non-voting members: five delegates from Washington D.C., Guam, the Virgin Islands, American Samoa, and the Northern Mariana Islands, plus a resident commissioner from Puerto Rico.
The Twenty-second Amendment, ratified in 1951, limits any president to two four-year terms. It caps total service at ten years, allowing a president who succeeded to the office and served fewer than two years to run for two additional full terms.
The U.S. federal government had about 2,260,000 civilian employees in fiscal year 2023, with approximately 160,000 of those based in the District of Columbia. That figure excludes employees of the United States Postal Service.
American Indian tribes are recognized as "domestic dependent nations" following the Supreme Court case Worcester v. Georgia. They operate as sovereign governments subject to federal authority but, in many cases, outside the jurisdiction of state governments.
The federal government spent $4.11 trillion in fiscal year 2018, equal to 20.3 percent of gross domestic product. Tax revenue that year totaled $3.33 trillion, with individual income taxes accounting for 51 percent of receipts and Social Security and Social Insurance taxes accounting for 35 percent.