Short answers, pulled from the story.
The phrase translates directly from Latin to mean Father of the Fatherland. The Roman Senate bestowed the title Pater Patriae upon heroes and later emperors to honor their service to the fatherland.
Joseph Stalin received the title Father of Nations on his seventieth birthday in 1949 after establishing people's democracies. State media often styled dictators as fathers to enforce loyalty within their countries.
The 1972 Constitution of Bangladesh declared Sheikh Mujibur Rahman father of the nation during the liberation war. Disputes arise over who truly deserves the designation when multiple leaders claim founding status.
Lee Kuan Yew governed Singapore for over thirty years following its separation from Malaysia. Many African, Asian, and Caribbean leaders adopted the title to legitimize their roles in independence movements.
These leaders rarely kept such titles once their regimes ended. The title can be revoked or contested due to regime changes or shifting national narratives.