Short answers, pulled from the story.
John Rae published The New Adventures of Alice in 1917, which is recognized as one of the earliest forms of fan fiction. This work was based on Lewis Carroll's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland and was not authorized by Carroll or his estate.
By 1973, 90% of Star Trek fan fiction authors were female. The first modern fanzine, Spockanalia, was published in 1967 and contained stories that expanded on the characters and universe of the television series.
FanFiction.Net was launched in 1998 and allowed anyone to upload content in any fandom. By 2010, 57% of accounts on the site originated from the United States.
The movie adaptation of Fifty Shades of Grey was released on the 12th of April 2019. The book was originally written as fan fiction for the Twilight series by E. L. James before being renamed for publication.
In 2009, a United States District Court ruled against a book by Fredrik Colting, who wrote a sequel to The Catcher in the Rye under the name John David California. The court stated that the work did not qualify as parody.
A 2020 study showed that 59.7% of Archive of Our Own users were located in North America. The platform further democratized the space for fan fiction in the 2000s.