Short answers, pulled from the story.
Luna 2 became the first artificial object to impact the surface of the Moon on the 14th of September 1959 at 21:02:24 UTC. This event marked a significant milestone in early space exploration history.
Eugene Cernan was the last human to stand on the Moon when he walked there in December 1972 during Apollo 17. No other person has set foot on the lunar surface since that mission concluded.
Japan made SLIM land on the 19th of January 2024 making Japan the fifth country to achieve a soft landing on the Moon. This achievement followed earlier successful missions by Russia, the United States, China, and India.
The Google Lunar X Prize launched in 2007 offered $20 million to the first private venture reaching the Moon by March 2018. The competition aimed to encourage commercial innovation but went unclaimed as announced in January 2018.
NASA formulated the Artemis program in 2017 to return humans to the Moon with commercial and international partners. The agency plans to start with robotic missions on the lunar surface plus crewed Lunar Gateway space station operations.