Short answers, pulled from the story.
The term emotional hardcore originated in 1985 when Ian MacKaye heard the band Rites of Spring perform. MacKaye coined the label emocore to describe the raw, unfiltered confession of personal pain he heard in their music.
The Midwest emo scene in the 1990s was defined by bands such as Jawbreaker, Sunny Day Real Estate, and Cap'n Jazz. These groups fused the emotional core of the D.C. scene with indie rock and pop punk to create a chime-guitar-driven sound.
Jimmy Eat World's album Bleed American brought emo to the mainstream in 2001 after selling 30,000 copies in its first week. The album went platinum in 2002 and its single The Middle topped the Billboard Alternative Songs chart.
The emo subculture faced moral panic in 2008 after the suicide of British teenager Hannah Bond was linked to her obsession with My Chemical Romance. This event led to articles in the Daily Mail and legislation in Russia to ban emo attire in schools and government buildings.
The fourth wave of emo revival began in the late 2000s and took influence from the sound of second-wave Midwest emo. Bands like Tigers Jaw, Algernon Cadwallader, and TTNG led this movement by rejecting commerciality and embracing a DIY ethos.
Prominent artists like Lil Peep, XXXTentacion, and Juice Wrld pioneered the fifth wave of emo rap in the mid-to-late 2010s. The genre broke into the mainstream in 2018 when XXXTentacion's song Sad! peaked at number 1 on the Billboard Hot 100.