Questions about Elizabeth Howard, Duchess of Norfolk
Short answers, pulled from the story.
Who was Elizabeth Howard, Duchess of Norfolk?
Elizabeth Howard, Duchess of Norfolk (born around 1497, died the 30th of November 1558) was an English aristocrat and the eldest daughter of Edward Stafford, 3rd Duke of Buckingham. She became the second wife of Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk, at age fifteen, and is known for her loyalty to Catherine of Aragon and her detailed letters documenting abuse by her husband.
What was Elizabeth Howard's relationship with Catherine of Aragon?
Elizabeth came to court in 1509 as a lady-in-waiting to Catherine of Aragon and became the queen's lifelong friend. She remained openly loyal to Catherine during Henry VIII's effort to annul the marriage, secretly passing letters to her concealed in oranges, and refused to attend Anne Boleyn's coronation on the 1st of June 1533 out of loyalty to the previous queen.
What abuse did Elizabeth Howard, Duchess of Norfolk, describe in her letters?
In three separate letters to Thomas Cromwell, the Duchess alleged that her husband Norfolk had his women bind her until blood came from her fingers, sat on her breast until she spat blood, and on one occasion pulled her from her bed by the hair, dragged her through the house, and wounded her with a dagger. Norfolk denied the accusations, calling them false lies.
Why was Elizabeth Howard, Duchess of Norfolk, separated from her husband?
Norfolk forced a formal separation on the 23rd of March 1534 after taking a mistress, Bess Holland, in 1527 and living openly with her at Kenninghall. The separation followed years of conflict; the Duchess was locked in a chamber, stripped of her jewels, and sent to a house in Redbourn, Hertfordshire, on an annual allowance of only two hundred pounds.
Was Elizabeth Howard, Duchess of Norfolk, named in Thomas Howard's will?
Elizabeth Howard was not named in the will of Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk, who died at Kenninghall on the 25th of August 1554 and was buried at St. Michael's Church at Framlingham in Suffolk. She outlived him by more than four years.
Who were the children of Elizabeth Howard, Duchess of Norfolk?
Elizabeth had five children with Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk: Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey (who was beheaded on the 19th of January 1547); Lady Katherine Howard (1518-1530); Lady Mary Howard (1519-1557), who married Henry FitzRoy, Henry VIII's illegitimate son; Thomas Howard, 1st Viscount Howard of Bindon (1520-1582); and Lady Muriel Howard, who died young.