Short answers, pulled from the story.
Edward the Confessor was born between 1003 and 1005 in Islip, Oxfordshire. He spent a quarter of a century away from England during his childhood exile while Viking raids under Sweyn Forkbeard forced his mother Emma to flee to Normandy with him.
Harthacnut died on the 8th of June 1042 leaving Edward as successor. Edward received support from continental abbots including Robert of Jumièges who later became Archbishop of Canterbury before becoming king after meeting at Hursteshever near modern-day Hurst Spit opposite the Isle of Wight.
The crisis erupted in September 1051 when Eustace II of Boulogne caused a fight in Dover. Edward ordered Godwin to punish the town burgesses but Godwin refused leading to a standoff that ended when both sides feared civil war would invite foreign invasion.
Westminster Abbey was consecrated on the 28th of December 1065 though completed only about 1090. Edward did not attend the consecration ceremony due to illness caused by strokes following Tostig's banishment in October 1065.
The pope issued the bull of canonisation on the 7th of February 1161 resulting from combined interests of Westminster Abbey King Henry II and Pope Alexander III. Edward received the title Confessor meaning someone living a saintly life without martyrdom.