Short answers, pulled from the story.
Edmonton began as a permanent population centre in 1813 when Fort Edmonton was established in the area of what is now Rossdale. The fort was located on the border of territory that was disputed by the Blackfoot and Cree nations.
Edmonton became Alberta's capital on the 1st of September 1905 when the province was formed. This occurred one year after the city was incorporated as a city in 1904 with a population of 8,350.
The highest temperature recorded in Edmonton was 37 degrees Celsius on the 29th of June 1937. A record high humidex of 44 was also recorded on the 2nd of July 2013 due to an unusually humid day.
Several First Nations peoples including the Cree Nakota Sioux Blackfoot Tsuut'ina Ojibwe and Denesuline called the North Saskatchewan River valley home for thousands of years. Archaeological evidence shows these earliest known inhabitants arrived around 3,000 BC or perhaps as early as 12,000 BC.
The Al-Rashid Mosque opened in 1938 and became the first mosque established in Canada and the third in North America. Abdullah Yusuf Ali was present at the opening after local Muslim community members campaigned to raise $5,000 for the building.