Short answers, pulled from the story.
The earliest known stone tools found outside Africa date back to 2.12 million years ago. These tools were discovered at the Shangchen site in China and push the timeline of human migration out of the continent by 300,000 years beyond previous records.
Homo sapiens emerged in Africa approximately 300,000 years ago. Key fossil evidence from Jebel Irhoud in Morocco and the Florisbad Skull in South Africa support this timeline.
The first successful and lasting migration of modern humans out of Africa occurred between 70,000 and 50,000 years ago. A small group of fewer than 1,000 individuals crossed the Red Sea strait at Bab-el-Mandeb to what is now Yemen.
The Austronesian expansion began around 3000 to 1500 BCE and originated from Taiwan. These seaborne migrations rapidly colonized Island Southeast Asia, Micronesia, and Island Melanesia using advanced sailing technologies.
The oldest remains in the Caribbean date between 4000 and 3500 BCE. Comparisons between tool-technologies suggest these peoples moved across the Yucatán Channel from Central America.