Short answers, pulled from the story.
The public first heard Donald Duck's voice on the 29th of April 1934 during a California Melodies program broadcast by the Los Angeles AM radio station KHJ. Bandleader Raymond Paige performed the score while Clarence Nash and Florence Gill provided the character voices for this specific radio treatment.
Walt Disney Company officially recognizes the 9th of June 1934, as Donald Duck's birthday based on the film The Wise Little Hen. Historian J.B. Kaufman discovered that the cartoon actually premiered at the Carthay Circle Theater on the 3rd of May 1934 for a benefit program.
Der Fuehrer's Face won the 1942 Academy Award for Animated Short Film and depicted Donald working in an artillery factory in Nutzi Land. This propaganda film showed Donald struggling with long hours and small food rations before suffering a nervous breakdown.
Carl Barks took over major development of the duck as both writer and illustrator to place him in the city of Duckburg. He created Uncle Scrooge McDuck in 1947 followed by Gladstone Gander in 1948 and the Beagle Boys in 1951.
Tony Anselmo performed Donald's voice for the first time in a 1986 D-TV special called D-TV Valentine on The Disney Channel. His first feature film appearance as the character occurred in Who Framed Roger Rabbit released in 1988.
Donald Duck was named an honorary alumnus of the University of Oregon during his 50th birthday celebration in 1984. A licensing agreement allows the school's sports teams to use Donald's image as its Fighting Duck mascot.