Short answers, pulled from the story.
Diogo de Gouveia (c. 1471-1557) was a Portuguese teacher, theologian, diplomat, and humanist who served as principal of the Collège Sainte-Barbe in Paris and advisor to King Manuel I and King John III. He advised on the introduction of captaincies in Brazil, helped secure papal approval for the Society of Jesus, and promoted the Jesuit missions to Asia.
Gouveia enthusiastically endorsed the graduates of Saint Barbe for Asian missions in a letter to John III in 1538, and he worked toward securing papal approval for the Society of Jesus. Francis Xavier, who studied at Sainte-Barbe in 1525, became one of the most prominent missionaries of that effort.
In 1529, Gouveia learned that Ignatius of Loyola had been monopolising attention at Saint Barbe. Gouveia threatened to physically strike Loyola, an episode that became famous in accounts of early Jesuit history.
In 1532, Gouveia proposed alongside Cristóvão Jacques that King John III introduce captaincies in Brazil to counter growing French privateer incursions along Brazilian shores. That recommendation contributed to one of the foundational administrative structures of colonial Brazil.
The Collège Sainte-Barbe was a Parisian institution that Gouveia attempted to purchase for the Portuguese crown around 1520. Unable to buy it from owner Robert Dugast, he rented it instead and became its principal, transforming it into an effective Portuguese college within the University of Paris. He served as its rector from 1520 until at least 1548.
According to the epitaph on his tombstone at Lisbon Cathedral, Gouveia served five kings of Portugal and four kings of France. He died on the 8th of December 1557 and was buried at the crossing of the cathedral.