Short answers, pulled from the story.
Commander John Clements Wickham named Port Darwin in honour of Charles Darwin after European eyes first fell upon the harbour on the 9th of September 1839. George Goyder established a small community at this location on the 5th of February 1869 between Fort Hill and the escarpment.
A cyclone in 1897 destroyed much of the early infrastructure followed by another severe storm in 1937 that leveled more buildings. On the 25th of December 1974 Cyclone Tracy killed 71 people and destroyed over 70% of the city's buildings leading to a complete rebuild during the late 1970s.
On the 19th of February 1942 at 9:57am 188 Japanese warplanes attacked Darwin in two waves killing at least 243 people. These raids were the most serious attacks on Australia during wartime in terms of both fatalities and structural destruction.
The wet season runs generally between December and March with afternoon relative humidity averaging over 70 percent during the wettest months. During the dry season from May to September clear skies dominate while mild sea breezes flow off the harbour making it one of the sunniest Australian capitals.
In 2016 10.4% of the population identified as Indigenous Australians which is the largest proportion found in any Australian capital city. The total population reached 139,902 people according to the 2021 census representing nearly 53% of the territory's total inhabitants.