Short answers, pulled from the story.
Darth Maul was created by George Lucas and first appeared in Star Wars: Episode I - The Phantom Menace in 1999. The character was conceived as a thing of nightmares and designed through an iterative process by concept artist Iain McCaig.
Ray Park, an actor and martial artist, portrayed Darth Maul physically in The Phantom Menace and Solo: A Star Wars Story. Peter Serafinowicz voiced the character in The Phantom Menace, while Sam Witwer dubbed Park's performance in Solo and provided Maul's voice throughout the animated series.
Maul survived through a combination of Force-fuelled hatred and sheer endurance. He was found on the junkyard planet Lotho Minor over a decade later by his brother Savage Opress, having constructed a spider-like apparatus to replace his severed legs. Mother Talzin, the Nightsister leader and Maul's biological mother, then used magic to restore his mind and fit him with cybernetic legs.
Maul assembled the Black Sun, the Pyke Syndicate, and the Hutt Clan into a unified organisation called the Shadow Collective. He used this network to engineer a takeover of Mandalore, installing a puppet leader after beheading Death Watch leader Pre Vizsla with Vizsla's own darksaber.
Maul dies on Tatooine in the Star Wars Rebels episode "Twin Suns". He tracks down Obi-Wan Kenobi and is defeated in a duel of only a few strikes. He dies in Obi-Wan's arms, asking whether the person Obi-Wan is protecting is the Chosen One, and declares with his last breath that this Chosen One will avenge them both.
Major works include Darth Maul: Shadow Hunter by Michael Reaves (released the 1st of February 2001), the novella Darth Maul: Saboteur by James Luceno (same date), and Maul: Lockdown by Joe Schreiber (released the 28th of January 2014). Marvel published a five-issue comic series in 2017, and Dark Horse Comics produced Darth Maul: Son of Dathomir in 2014, adapting unproduced Clone Wars scripts.