Short answers, pulled from the story.
The word Beatlemania first appeared widely after the band's appearance on Sunday Night at the London Palladium on the 13th of October 1963. Fifteen million viewers watched the broadcast and Britain was said to be in the grip of this new hysteria.
From 1964 to 1970 they held the top-selling US single one out of every six weeks and topped the Billboard Top LPs chart for 116 weeks during that period. On the 4th of April 1964 the band occupied the top five US chart positions simultaneously until 2018 when they remained the only act to have filled the top five of the Billboard Hot 100.
Their moptop haircuts became an emblem of rebellion to the burgeoning youth culture and were dubbed by some British tabloids as a style that was unusually long for the era. Russian historian Mikhail Safonov wrote that in the Brezhnev-era Soviet Union mimicking the Beatles' hairstyle was seen as highly rebellious and young people called hairies were arrested and forced to have their hair cut in police stations.
The album Rubber Soul released in December 1965 marked a progression in lyrical content and recording sophistication while Revolver issued in August 1966 initiated a second pop revolution galvanising existing rivals. Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band released in May 1967 achieved full cultural legitimisation for pop music and its win in Album of the Year at the 1968 Grammys Awards marked the first time a rock LP received this award.
When informed that the venue for their concert on the 11th of September 1964 at the Gator Bowl in Jacksonville Florida was segregated they refused to perform unless the audience was integrated. The band subsequently invited Mary Wells to be their support act on a UK tour and arranged for Esther Phillips to give her first performances outside the US.