Short answers, pulled from the story.
Fidel Castro made this declaration on the 26th of July 1953 while standing before a Cuban court. He faced fifteen years in prison for his role in the failed attack on the Moncada Barracks.
No more than twenty of the original eighty-two men survived the initial encounters with the Cuban army and escaped into the Sierra Maestra mountains. The group of survivors included Fidel and Raúl Castro, Che Guevara, and Camilo Cienfuegos.
Frank País was shot in the back of the head by Santiago police officers on the 30th of July 1957 after an informant betrayed him. He was buried in the Santa Ifigenia Cemetery in the olive green uniform and red and black armband of the 26th of July Movement.
The Battle of Santa Clara took place on the 31st of December 1958. The city fell to the combined forces of Che Guevara, Camilo Cienfuegos, and Revolutionary Directorate rebels led by Comandantes Rolando Cubela, Juan El Mejicano Abrahantes Fernández, and William Alexander Morgan.
The Cuban Revolution gained victory on the 1st of January 1959. Fidel Castro arrived in Havana on the 8th of January after a long victory march.
The Soviet Union stationed nuclear weapons in Cuba in 1962, an act which triggered the Cuban Missile Crisis in October 1962. The aftermath of the Cuban Missile Crisis saw international embarrassment for the Soviet Union.