Short answers, pulled from the story.
Geoffrey de Mandeville became the first holder of this ancient post, appointed by William the Conqueror during the 11th century. The office dates back to within a few years of the Norman Conquest in 1066.
Arthur Wellesley served from the 29th of January 1827 until the 14th of September 1852. During his tenure the moat was drained and converted into a parade ground while tourism increased significantly despite his personal displeasure about the change.
The office holder claimed all swans swimming under London Bridge and collected six shillings and eight pence annually from each boat fishing between the Tower and the sea. Any horses or sheep falling off London Bridge also belonged to the Constable along with herbage growing on Tower Hill.
General Sir Gordon Messenger holds the position as the Constable appointed in 2022. His ceremonial deputy is Lieutenant General Sir George Norton serving as Lieutenant of the Tower of London.
Each modern Constable is now appointed for five years following the introduction of this term structure in 1932. Before 1932 positions were typically held for life with most holders serving until they died in office.