Short answers, pulled from the story.
CONMEBOL was founded on the 9th of July 1916, when representatives from Argentina, Brazil, Chile, and Uruguay formally established it. Its creation was ratified on the 15th of December that same year, at the first Constitutional Congress in Montevideo.
CONMEBOL's headquarters are located in Luque, Paraguay.
CONMEBOL has ten member associations, fewer than any other continental confederation in FIFA. It is also the only fully continental, land-based confederation, with no island members and none from outside South America.
Alejandro Domínguez of Paraguay has served as CONMEBOL's president since January 2016. Francisco Egas of Ecuador is vice president, and José Astigarraga of Paraguay is general secretary.
CONMEBOL organizes the Copa América for men's national teams, along with the Copa Libertadores and Copa Sudamericana for men's clubs. It also runs the Copa Libertadores Femenina for women's clubs, the Recopa Sudamericana, and formerly the Intercontinental Cup with UEFA, discontinued in 2004.
Swiss police arrested several CONMEBOL leaders in Zürich on the 27th of May 2015, acting on corruption, money laundering, and racketeering charges from the U.S. Department of Justice. Those arrested included former presidents Eugenio Figueredo and Nicolás Léoz, along with administrators Carlos Chávez and Sergio Jadue. CONMEBOL President Juan Ángel Napout was arrested separately on the 3rd of December 2015.